Metabolic & Thyroid

Free T4 (Thyroxine)

The primary hormone the thyroid produces — the raw material your body converts into active T3.

Optimal target0.8–1.8 ng/dL

What it measures

T4 (thyroxine) is the main hormone secreted by the thyroid gland. It is largely a prohormone that is converted to the active T3 in the liver, kidneys, and other tissues. Free T4 measures the unbound, available fraction.

Free T4 reflects the thyroid's actual hormone supply, complementing TSH (the signal) and Free T3 (the active hormone). Together, the three give a complete thyroid picture.

Why it matters

  • Reflects the thyroid's actual hormone output, not just the pituitary signal.
  • Low Free T4 with high TSH confirms primary hypothyroidism.
  • High Free T4 with low TSH confirms hyperthyroidism.
  • Essential for monitoring thyroid medication dosing.

What affects your levels

Autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto's, Graves')
Iodine status
Pituitary function
Certain medications
Pregnancy

How VitalDrop tracks it

  • Measured with TSH and Free T3 for a complete thyroid panel.
  • Monthly trends reveal declining thyroid output before it crosses clinical thresholds.
  • Useful baseline before and during thyroid medication adjustments.

Related biomarkers

Frequently asked questions

Total T4 includes both bound and unbound hormone; Free T4 measures only the unbound, active fraction (~0.03% of total). Free T4 is more clinically useful because it reflects the hormone actually available to tissues, unaffected by binding-protein changes.

References & sources

01.
Free T4 Measurement in Thyroid Disease. Clinical Chemistry, 2021.
02.
Thyroid Hormone Physiology and Replacement. American Thyroid Association / Thyroid, 2019.
Medically reviewed by
DH
Reviewed by Dr. Hassan Nasser
Medical Director — www.detroitfacemd.com

Board-certified facial plastic & reconstructive surgeon; clinical reviewer for VitalDrop laboratory insights. Verified at www.detroitfacemd.com

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Medical disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. VitalDrop provides laboratory test results and educational insights for wellness tracking. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider regarding abnormal or concerning results. Results and AI-assisted summaries are not a medical diagnosis.